After messing about at length trying to find an authoritive source for this information and finding that nothing seemed to exist... Here's what information I have... let me know if you are aware of any issues.

Overview

The country code for the Philippines is 63.
The international trunk access code is 00.
The national/long distance trunk access code is 0.
Subscriber numbers within an area code are typically 7 digits long.
Within an area code the 7 digit subscriber number can be dialled without the area code or national/long distance trunk access code.

Numbers should be written in one of the following formats
For landline access within a single area code only:
<subscriber number> e.g. 1234567 or 123 4567
For access from any phone in the country:
<national/long distance trunk access code><areacode> <subscriber number> e.g. 02 1234567 or 02 123 3456
For access from anywhere in the world:
+<country code> <area code> <subscriber number> e.g. +63 2 1234567 or +63 2 123 4567
A less correct form of the above that could be used to make it easier for people to see where the national/long distance trunk access code should be placed:
+<country code> (<national/long distance trunk access code>)<area code> <subscriber number> e.g. +63 (0)2 1234567 or +63 (0)2 123 4567

Numbers SHOULD NOT be written in the following screwed up format which only seems to exist to make Metro Manila numbers look like US numbers...
(<country code><area code>) <subscriber number> e.g. (632) 123 4567 - that's just wrong...

Area Code Summary

1 - Unassigned
2, 3X, 4X, 5X, 6X, 7X, 8X - Geographic landlines
9XX - Mobile phones

Special Numbers

Emergency numbers

The national standard emergency number is 117. This can also be texted from mobile phones.
From mobile phones at least 112 and 911 can also used.
In addition there are a large number of individual hotline numbers used for various emergency services, 3 and 5 digit numbers exist.
e.g.
116 - Tourist police ??
166 - Old national emergency number ??
757 - Fire and Police ??
16-211 - Meralco hotline for emergencies and customer service
16-911 - Lifeline Rescue emergency ambulance service within Metro Manila only

Freephone/Tollfree numbers

Free to call/Toll free numbers are few and far between in the Philippines... a major reason would likely be that calls are typically free within an area code, so if you are in Metro Manila you can call everyone else in Metro Manila with a landline for free... Another reason has to be the obviously screwed up ways they've been implemented...

Format a)
1800 <8 digit number> e.g. 1800 1234 5678
Format b)
1027 1800 <7 digit number> e.g. 1027 1800 123 4567

Both formats make very little sense...

Hotlines